The Voyager spacecrafts discovered a number of moons orbiting close to Saturn's rings, as well as discovering new ring gaps. Ice giants, Uranus and Neptune, are primarily composed of low-boiling-point materials such as water, methane, and ammonia, with … Inside Saturn is probably a core of iron, nickel, silicon and oxygen compounds, surrounded by a deep layer of metallic hydrogen, then a layer of liquid hydrogen and liquid helium and finally, an outer gaseous layer.[4]. [43] In the myth[44] Saturn was the original and autochthonous ruler of the Capitolium, which had thus been called the Mons Saturnius in older times and on which once stood the town of Saturnia. Sept. 1, 1979: Pioneer 11 is the first spacecraft to reach Saturn. Much of what is known about the planet is due to the Voyager explorations in 1980-81. Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun in the Solar System. [10] A more probable etymology connects the name with Etruscan god Satre and placenames such as Satria, an ancient town of Latium, and Saturae palus, a marsh also in Latium. The social or transpersonal planets are Jupiter and Saturn. Saturn has a flattened shape due to its very fast rotation, once every 10.8 hours. Saturni … [29] Plutarch writes his figure is veiled because he is the father of truth.[30]. The Cassini probe photographed the spokes in 2005. Saturn is visibly flattened at the poles, a result of the very fast rotation of the planet on its axis. It found evidence that the moon Enceladus had water erupting from its geysers. Gas giants, Jupiter and Saturn, are giant planets primarily composed of hydrogen and helium and are the most massive planets in the Solar System. De Natura Deorum (On the Nature of the Gods), Dumézil's three-functional theory of Indoeuropean religion, Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (c. 300 images of Saturn), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saturn_(mythology)&oldid=1003079818, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with Latin-language sources (la), Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [11] The temperature here is quite low, at 250 K (-10°F, -23°C). The Temple of Saturn in the Roman Forum housed the state treasury and archives (aerarium) of the Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire. Saturn (Latin: Sāturnus [saːˈturnus]) was a god in ancient Roman religion, and a character in Roman mythology.He was described as a god of generation, dissolution, plenty, wealth, agriculture, periodic renewal and liberation. Essai de comparaison indoeuropéenne" in, Iuventas shows a clear Varunian character in the liaison of Romulus with the, Briquel p. 151 citing Pliny II 138–139; Servius, Robert Graves, "The Greek Myths: 1" page 41, Macrobius Saturnalia I, 9; Vergil Aeneis VII, 49. All these towns are surrounded by cyclopean walls; their foundation is traditionally ascribed to the Pelasgians. Mythe et cult de fondation" in, G. Alessio (1949) "Genti e favelle dell' antica Apulia" Taranto Cressati =, Samuel L. Macy, entry on "Father Time," in, D. Briquel "Jupiter, Saturn et le Capitol. [27] In 1655, Christiaan Huygens was the first person to recognise Saturn was surrounded by rings. Saturn és el sisè planeta del sistema solar segons la seva proximitat al Sol i el segon més gran, després de Júpiter.Es classifica com un gegant gasós o jovià, que significa 'semblant a Júpiter'. He was thus used in translation when referring to gods from other cultures the Romans perceived as severe; he was equated with the Carthaginian god Baal Hammon, to whom children were sacrificed, and to Yahweh, whose Sabbath was referred to as Saturni dies, "Saturn's day," in a poem by Tibullus, who wrote during the reign of Augustus; eventually this gave rise to the word "Saturday" in English. Saturn was also said to have founded the five Saturnian towns of Latium: Aletrium (today Alatri), Anagnia (Anagni), Arpinum (Arpino), Atina and Ferentinum (Ferentino, also known as Antinum) all located in the Latin Valley, province of Frosinone. [39] Even though their origin and theology are completely different the Italic and the African god are both sovereign and master over time and death, a fact that has permitted their encounter. It is 17 times the mass of Earth , slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus . [16], The Voyager 1 spacecraft found a hexagonal cloud pattern near Saturn's north pole at about 78°N. The planet is made of ice, gases and liquid metal.Its atmosphere contains hydrogen (1 H), helium (2 He) and methane.The temperature on Uranus is −197 °C (−322.6 °F; 76.1 K) near the top of its atmosphere, but its small solid core (about 55% the mass of Earth) is probably … 1 History 1.1 Earth-Two 1.2 Earth-S 1.3 Earth-One 2 Points of Interest 2.1 Moons of Saturn 3 … [53], Saturn's chthonic nature connected him to the underworld and its ruler Dis Pater, the Roman equivalent of Greek Plouton (Pluto in Latin) who was also a god of hidden wealth. Other gaps form due to the gravitational force of a large moon farther away. Versnel, "Saturnus and the Saturnalia," in, Eight days were subsidized from the Imperial treasury. Difference between the equatorial radius and poler radius is only about 10%. [44], Saturn was first explored by the Pioneer 11 spacecraft in September 1979. [23] This is known as Saturn's orbital period. The Saturnian imagery played on the tribune's name and his intent to alter the social hierarchy to his advantage by basing his political support on the common people (plebs) rather than the senatorial elite. It also discovered that the dark ring gaps appear bright when viewed towards the Sun, which shows the gaps are not empty of material. [31] Its feet were bound with wool, which was removed only during the Saturnalia. The tiny moon Pan orbits inside Saturn's rings, creating a gap within the rings. A saturn is the only celestial body that is light enough to float in water, with an average specific density of 0.69. [55] These gladiator combats, ten days in all throughout December, were presented by the quaestors and sponsored with funds from the treasury of Saturn. Il planet sa numma suenter il dieu roman da l'agricultura e da la racolta Saturn. El símbol de Saturn representa la falç del déu romà (en Unicode: ♄).. El planeta Saturn … The rings of Saturn are the most extensive ring system of any planet in the Solar System. The largest moon is Jupiter's moon, Ganymede. the time of his festival in the calendar, which corresponds to the date of the consecration of his temple (the Greek Cronia on the other hand took place in June–July); the location of his cult on the Capitol, which goes back to remote times. It is the second largest planet in the Solar System, after Jupiter. [10], The outer part of Saturn's atmosphere is made up of about 96% hydrogen, 3% helium, 0.4% methane and 0.01% ammonia. In late antiquity, Saturn is syncretized with a number of deities, and begins to be depicted as winged, as is Kairos, "Timing, Right Time". Under Saturn's rule, humans enjoyed the spontaneous bounty of the earth without labour in the "Golden Age" described by Hesiod and Ovid. Glinas. [54] In 3rd-century AD sources and later, Saturn is recorded as receiving gladiatorial offerings (munera) during or near the Saturnalia. [15] In the Solar System , it is the fourth-largest planet by diameter, the third-most-massive planet, and the densest giant planet . H.S. [19] Conversely, however, his follower Dominique Briquel has attempted a thorough interpretation of Saturn utilising Dumézil's three-functional theory of Indoeuropean religion, taking the ancient testimonies and the works of A. Brelich and G. Piccaluga as his basis. Neptune is denser and physically smaller than Uranus because its greater mass causes more gravitational compression of its … Fizikalne značilnosti Sestava planeta. In December 2004 and January 2005 a man-made satellite called the Cassini−Huygens probe took lots of close photos of Titan. [29], The rings range from 6,630 km (4,120 mi) to 120,700 km (75,000 mi) above the planet's equator. Saturninus was a popularist politician who had proposed reduced-price grain distribution to the poor of Rome. Dumézil postulated a split of the figure of the sovereign god in Indoeuropean religion, which is embodied by Vedic gods Varuna and Mitra. [3], Saturn had two mistresses who represented different aspects of the god. Walsh, De Natura Deorum [On the Nature of the Gods], Book II, Part ii, § c[7], According to Varro,[8] Saturn's name was derived from satus, meaning "sowing". Saturn is the only planet in the Solar System delink Solar System, linked earlier in lead Done -- Peterdownunder ( talk ) 06:35, 21 June 2011 (UTC) This means if Saturn could be placed in a large pool of water, it would float on it. [25], Saturn is best known for its planetary rings which are easy to see with a telescope. They consist of countless small particles, ranging in size from micrometers to meters, that orbit about Saturn. He was described as a god of generation, dissolution, plenty, wealth, agriculture, periodic renewal and liberation. [39] Titan is the largest moon, larger than the planet Mercury, and it is the only moon in the Solar System to have a thick, dense atmosphere. 138–139. [60], By Saturn they seek to represent that power which maintains the cyclic course of times and seasons. The temperatures in the inner layers are much higher than the outside layers because of the heat produced by Saturn's interior. Saturn's average distance from the Sun is over 1,400,000,000 km (869,000,000 mi), about nine times the distance from the Earth to the Sun. [34] They are seen as dark when under sunlight, and appear light when against the unlit side. The moons discovered before the 1980s are called Titan, Rhea, Iapetus, Dione, Tethys, Enceladus, Mimas, Hyperion, Phoebe and Janus. Saturn è il sisavel planet dapi il sulegl en il Sistem Solar. Until this discovery, eyewalls had only been seen on Earth. [5] Earlier was Saturn's association with Lua ("destruction, dissolution, loosening"), a goddess who received the bloodied weapons of enemies destroyed in war.[6]. As early as Livius Andronicus (3rd century BC), Jupiter was called the son of Saturn. [15][16] Saturnun sıxlığı Yerin sıxlığının səkkizdə biri qədər olsa da, həcmi Yerin həcmindən 95 dəfə çoxdur. The head of the goddess Roma appears on the obverse. In 1859, James Clerk Maxwell showed that the rings cannot be solid, but are made of small particles, each orbiting Saturn on their own, otherwise, it would become unstable or break apart. "[4] The association with Ops is considered a later development, however, as this goddess was originally paired with Consus. Under his reign were the golden ages men tell of: in such perfect peace he ruled the nations. of production, wealth, and pleasure, but it stems from his magical lordship over creation and destruction. Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest planet in the Solar System after Jupiter, Saturn is over 95 times more massive (bigger) than Earth.Because of its majestic system of rings, Saturn has earned a place as one of the most beautiful planets of the solar system.Even a small telescope will show the rings surrounding the tan colored ball of Saturn itself. The Cassini Division is the largest, measuring 4,800 km (2,983 mi) wide. The god's strict relationship with the cults of the Capitoline Hill and in particular with Jupiter are highlighted by the legends concerning the refusal of gods Iuventas and Terminus to leave their abode in the shrines on the Capitol when the temple of Jupiter was to be built. In 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope found a very large white cloud near Saturn's equator. [citation needed]History. This root may be related to Latin phytonym satureia.[11]. [37] The identification with Ba'al Hammon later gave rise to the African Saturn, a cult that enjoyed great popularity until the 4th century. This feature is in complete accord with the character of a sovereign god of the Varunian type and is common with German god Odin. After the Roman conquest of Greece, he was conflated with the Greek Titan Cronus.Saturn's consort … Saturn radiusu Yerin radiusundan təqribən doqquz dəfə böyük olan qaz nəhəngidir. Saturn, ringed planet that is the second largest planet in the solar system in mass and size and the sixth nearest planet in distance to the Sun. Uz Jupiter, Uran i Neptun pripada skupini plinovitih divova, planeta vanjskog dijela Sunčevog sustava. They appear to be seasonal, disappearing during solstice and appearing again during equinox.[36].